Situatie
The command console, known as the Terminal on macOS, is a simple yet powerful tool that lets you interact with your computer using text commands instead of clicking menus and buttons. While it might look intimidating at first, Terminal can actually make some tasks faster, more precise, and more flexible once you get the hang of it.
As a beginner, you don’t need to know everything right away. Think of the Terminal like a translator: you type in instructions (commands), and macOS follows them exactly. This guide will walk you through the basics step by step, using clear explanations and real examples.
Solutie
- Step 1: Open the Terminal
Option A: Use Spotlight Search
1. Press Command ([Cmd]) + Spacebar to open Spotlight.
2. Type Terminal and press Return.
Option B: Use Finder
1. Open Finder.
2. Go to Applications > Utilities.
3. Double-click on Terminal.
- Step 2: Understand the Terminal Interface
When Terminal opens, you’ll see a prompt like:
Davids-MacBook:~ david$
– Davids-MacBook: hostname
– ~: home directory
– david: username
– $: standard user shell
- Step 3: Run Basic Commands
pwd # View current directory
ls # List files
cd /path/to/dir # Change directory
mkdir myfolder # Make new directory
touch myfile.txt # Create new file
nano myfile.txt # Edit file
cat myfile.txt # View file contents
- Step 4: Use Commands With Options
Example: ls -la
– -l: Long format
– -a: Include hidden files
- Step 5: Use Command History and Autocomplete
– Use up/down arrows to scroll through commands
– Press Tab to autocomplete
- Step 6: Get Help
man ls # manual page for ‘ls’
ls –help # help options
(Press ‘q’ to exit man)
- Step 7: Understand File Permissions
ls -l
Example output:
-rw-r–r– 1 david staff 0 Jul 14 12:00 myfile.txt
– r, w, x = read, write, execute
– Owner, group, others
- Step 8: Install and Use Homebrew (Optional)
Install:
/bin/bash -c “$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)”
Use:
brew install wget
- Step 9: Exit the Terminal
Type: exit
Or close the window.
Leave A Comment?