Step 1: Access the Terminal

Open a terminal window on your Linux system. You can typically find the terminal application in the system’s application menu, or you can use a keyboard shortcut like Ctrl + Alt + T.

Step 2: Navigate to a Directory

Use the cd command followed by the directory path to navigate to a specific directory. For example, to navigate to the “Documents” directory in your home folder, you would type:

cd ~/Documents

Replace “~/Documents” with the path to the directory you want to navigate to.

Step 3: List Files and Directories

Use the ls command to list the files and directories in the current directory. Simply type ls and press Enter. You can also use options with ls to display more information, such as file sizes and permissions. For example:

ls -l

Step 4: Create a New Directory

To create a new directory, use the mkdir command followed by the name of the directory you want to create. For example, to create a directory named “photos,” you would type:

mkdir photos

Step 5: Create a New File

To create a new file, you can use the touch command followed by the name of the file you want to create. For example, to create a file named “example.txt,” you would type:

touch example.txt

Step 6: Copy Files

To copy a file from one location to another, use the cp command followed by the source file and the destination directory. For example, to copy “example.txt” to the “photos” directory, you would type:

cp example.txt photos/

Step 7: Move or Rename Files

To move a file to a different location or rename it, use the mv command followed by the source file and the destination directory or new filename. For example, to move “example.txt” to the “photos” directory, you would type:

mv example.txt photos/

To rename “example.txt” to “newexample.txt,” you would type: