A 403 Forbidden error in a browser means that the server understood your request, but it is refusing to authorize it. In simpler terms: you’re not allowed to access the resource (like a web page or file).

Common Causes of a 403 Error:
1. Permissions issue:

The web server is configured to deny access to the requested resource.

Example: Trying to access a directory listing that the server is configured to block.

2. Authentication required:

You’re not logged in or lack the proper credentials.

Some sites restrict access to certain users or IP ranges.

3. Incorrect file permissions (on the server):

In web hosting, the file or folder might not have the correct permissions (e.g., chmod 755 for folders).

4. IP blocking:

Your IP might be blacklisted or blocked by the site’s firewall.

5. Index page missing:

If a directory lacks an index.html or index.php, and directory browsing is disabled, you’ll get a 403.