Cum rezolvi eroarea „Serverul SQL nu răspunde”
O aplicație care folosește o bază de date SQL (SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL etc.) nu poate accesa datele, afișând mesajul „Serverul SQL nu răspunde” sau „Cannot connect to database”.
[mai mult...]Soluții pentru problemele tale IT
O aplicație care folosește o bază de date SQL (SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL etc.) nu poate accesa datele, afișând mesajul „Serverul SQL nu răspunde” sau „Cannot connect to database”.
[mai mult...]With a foundation of Linux, ChromeOS has the ability to install Linux apps with just a few small commands. Linux on a Chromebook is fairly full-featured. You have a full Linux environment, capable of installing apps designed for Debian pretty easily. This can be through the terminal, through app stores, or any other method that typically works on Debian.
Having Linux on your Chromebook also lets you use traditional Linux commands, like SSH, telnet, SCP, and many others. With Linux on your Chromebook, you’ll be able to extend the affordable and ultraportable system even more than ChromeOS typically allows. Linux has transformed how I use my Chromebook, and I honestly couldn’t imagine using the laptop without it at this point.
[mai mult...]1. Download Solus Budgie
Go to the official Solus website: https://getsol.us.
Click Download → Select Budgie edition (the flagship desktop).
Download the .iso
file — about 2 GB.
After download, verify checksum (optional but recommended):
On Linux:
sha256sum Solus-*.iso
Compare with the checksum on the website.
On Windows: Use a tool like CertUtil
in Command Prompt:
certutil -hashfile Solus-*.iso SHA256
2. Create a Bootable USB
You’ll need an empty USB (≥4 GB).
On Windows: Use Rufus
Insert your USB.
Open Rufus → Select the Solus ISO → Leave partition scheme as GPT
(for UEFI).
Click Start.
On Linux: Use balenaEtcher
or the dd
command:
sudo dd if=Solus-*.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress
sync
(Replace /dev/sdX
with your USB device — be very careful!)
3. Install Solus Budgie
Boot from USB: Restart your PC, open BIOS/UEFI boot menu (F12
, Esc
, or F2
usually), select your USB drive.
Live environment: Choose “Start Solus” to boot into the live desktop.
Launch installer (icon on desktop).
Go through installer screens:
Language & Region
Keyboard Layout
Time Zone
Installation Type:
Erase disk (wipes all data — easiest)
Manual partitioning (if you dual-boot — you’ll need at least /
and swap
partitions; optionally /home
)
User Setup:
Create username, password, computer name.
Summary → click Install.
Wait until installation completes (~5–15 min).
Reboot and remove the USB when prompted.
4. Post-Installation Configuration
a. Update the system
Open Terminal and run:
sudo eopkg upgrade
This fetches the latest packages and security patches.
b. Install additional drivers (if needed)
Open DoFlicky (Solus Hardware Driver tool) from the menu.
It will suggest proprietary GPU/Wi-Fi drivers if required.
Install, reboot.
c. Enable firewall
Solus includes ufw
(Uncomplicated Firewall):
sudo eopkg install ufw
sudo systemctl enable --now ufw
sudo ufw enable
d. Essential apps
Solus uses eopkg
as its package manager. Examples:
# Web browsers
sudo eopkg install firefox
sudo eopkg install chromium
# Office suite
# Media player
sudo eopkg install vlc
Or use Software Center for a GUI approach.
e. Budgie desktop tweaks
Install Budgie settings:
sudo eopkg install budgie-desktop-view budgie-extras
Then open Budgie Desktop Settings:
Change Panel Layout
Add Applets (e.g., system monitor, workspace switcher)
Adjust Theme (icon packs, GTK theme)
5. Optional Customizations
Themes & Icons
sudo eopkg install arc-theme papirus-icon-theme
Then switch in Budgie Desktop Settings → Style.
Enable Night Light
Settings → Devices → Displays → Night Light
Adjust schedule and warmth.
Performance tweaks
Disable unneeded startup apps: Settings → Startup Applications
Install preload (caches frequently used apps):
sudo eopkg install preload
sudo systemctl enable --now preload
Snap & Flatpak support
Solus supports them for extra software:
# Flatpak
sudo eopkg install flatpak
flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
# Snap1. Understand the Risks Behind Media Files
While formats like PNG and JPEG are generally safe, some file types can contain executable code or external resource calls, making them a potential security risk:
SVG – Can embed JavaScript and CSS, enabling cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks
PDF – May include malicious scripts or embedded executables
Office documents – Can contain harmful macros
Video files – Sometimes exploited via codec vulnerabilities.
If your website allows users to upload files, every file type you accept needs to be treated as potentially dangerous.
2. Sanitize and Validate File Uploads
Before storing any uploaded file, you should:
Check the file extension and MIME type to ensure it matches the intended format
Sanitize SVGs by removing <script>
tags, onload
events, and any inline JavaScript
Use antivirus scanning on all uploaded files
Block disallowed file types unless explicitly needed.
Example for SVG sanitization:
Use libraries like DOMPurify or SVGO to strip malicious code before storing or serving the file.
3. Limit How Media Files Are Served
Even clean files can be abused if served incorrectly. To minimize risk:
Serve media from a separate domain or subdomain (e.g., media.example.com
) to isolate cookies and session data
Set correct Content-Type headers so browsers interpret files correctly
Apply Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict what media can execute or load
Disable inline script execution for formats like SVG.
4. Convert High-Risk Formats to Safer Alternatives
If your platform doesn’t absolutely need an SVG to remain in vector form, convert it to a PNG or WebP before display. This eliminates the risk of script execution while preserving the visual appearance.
5. Keep Your Platform Updated
Many attacks exploit old vulnerabilities in CMS platforms, plugins, or file-handling libraries.
Regularly updating your software stack ensures that known exploits are patched before attackers can use them.
Corupția apare atunci când structura internă a fișierelor sau a metadatelor NTFS este modificată eronat. Acest lucru poate duce la:
Fișiere care nu se mai deschid
Erori la copierea, mutarea sau ștergerea fișierelor
Sistemul afișând mesaje de eroare sau blocări neașteptate
Cauze comune ale corupției NTFS
Întreruperi bruște de curent în timpul scrierii pe disc
Defecțiuni hardware sporadice (sector defect, cabluri slabe)
Bug-uri sau incompatibilități rare în drivere sau software de backup
Viruși sau malware care modifică metadatele
Acces simultan necorespunzător la fișiere de pe mai multe sisteme (ex: disc în rețea partajat)
Semne că ai putea avea corupție NTFS
Mesaje de eroare gen:
„Windows detected a file system problem”
„File or directory is corrupted and unreadable”
Fișiere cu dimensiuni ciudate sau data/ora modificate inexplicabil
Blocări ale programelor sau ale întregului sistem când accesezi anumite fișiere
Utilitarul „Check Disk” (chkdsk) găsește erori repetitiv.