How to Encrypt MongoDB Data?

Situatie

Encryption serves as a protective shield for your data. MongoDB offers two main types of encryption: at rest and in transit. Encryption at rest shields your data when it’s stored on disk, while encryption in transit secures it during transmission between your MongoDB servers and clients. MongoDB offers two primary encryption types:

Encryption at Rest: Protects data stored on disk using robust encryption algorithms
Encryption in Transit: Secures data during transmission between MongoDB servers and clients
Client-Side Encryption: Encrypts data before it reaches the database, ensuring extra security.

Solutie

Pasi de urmat

To enable encryption at rest, modify the MongoDB configuration file (mongod.conf) as follows:

yaml
# MongoDB Configuration File (mongod.conf)

storage:
  dbPath: /var/lib/mongodb
  journal:
    enabled: true
  engine: wiredTiger
  wiredTiger:
    encryption:
      keyId: <encryptionKeyId>  # Unique identifier for the encryption key
      keyFile: /path/to/keyfile  # Path to the keyfile containing the encryption key
      algorithm: AES256  # Encryption algorithm (e.g., AES256)

Encrypting data in transit ensures its security, even if intercepted. By configuring MongoDB to utilize TLS/SSL encryption, we establish a secure communication channel between clients and servers, safeguarding sensitive information during transmission.

Generate SSL Certificates: Create SSL certificates for both the MongoDB server and clients using tools like OpenSSL.

Configure MongoDB Server: Modify the MongoDB server configuration file (mongod.conf) to enable TLS/SSL encryption and specify the paths to the SSL certificates.

yaml
# MongoDB Configuration File (mongod.conf)

net:
  ssl:
    mode: requireSSL
    PEMKeyFile: /path/to/server.pem   # Path to server certificate
    CAFile: /path/to/ca.pem           # Path to CA certificate

Adjust the MongoDB client configuration to connect to the server using SSL encryption. Specify the SSL options when connecting to the MongoDB server.

const MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;

const client = new MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/mydatabase", {
    useNewUrlParser: true,
    useUnifiedTopology: true,
    ssl: true,
    sslValidate: true,
    sslCA: fs.readFileSync('/path/to/ca.pem') // Path to CA certificate
});

client.connect().then(() => {
    console.log("Connected to MongoDB server with SSL encryption");
}).catch(err => {
    console.error("Error connecting to MongoDB server:", err);
});

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