Soluții

How to Make a Direct Download Link for Google Drive Files

• Data 15/09/2021
• Autor Andrei nitulescu
• -3
• 1373

We’ve all come across that unwanted web page that opens when you click a Google Drive file link. Luckily, with a workaround, you can make a direct download link for your files and bypass that web page.

How to Change Your Mouse Cursor Color in Windows 11

• Data 15/09/2021
• Autor Andrei nitulescu
• -4
• 1568

Windows 11 provides several ways to customize your mouse cursor, including the ability to change its color to anything you want. This can help you see the pointer better or just give your Windows PC a unique sense of style.

How to Connect Your Mac to Any VPN (and Automatically Reconnect)

• Data 15/09/2021
• Autor Robert Pipirig
• 1
• 387

Macs have built-in support for connecting to the most common types of VPNs. If you want to ensure your Mac is automatically reconnected to your VPN or connect to an OpenVPN VPN, you’ll need a third-party app. This process is similar whether you’re using Windows, Android, iPhone, iPad, or another operating system. macOS provides a menu bar icon for controlling the VPN connection.

How to use the mount command in UNIX

• Data 15/09/2021
• Autor ionut dobre
• -7
• 595

The mount command tells the UNIX operating system that a file system is ready to use i.e. mount a file system at a particular point in the system’s file system hierarchy.

The syntax is as follows:

mount /dev/XYZN /mount/point

Examples

Mount /dev/sda5 (Linux partition) in /data directory:

mkdir /data
mount /dev/sda5 /data
df -H
ls /data
cd /data

Mount /dev/aacd0s1g (FreeBSD UNIX partition) in /salesdata directory:

mkdir /salesdata
df -H
mount /dev/aacd0s1g /salesdata
ls /salesdata
cd /salesdata

Mount /dev/dsk/c1t4d0s0 under Solaris UNIX at /data2, enter:

mkdir /data2
mount /dev/dsk/c1t4d0s0 /data2

To remove mount point run:

umount /salesdata

To mount all file systems listed in /etc/fstab, enter:

mount -a

How To Linux List Disk Partitions Command

• Data 15/09/2021
• Autor ionut dobre
• -7
• 989

How do I list all hard disk partitions under a Linux operating systems using the CLI?

Usually, your hard disk drive divided into one or more logical disks called partitions. This division is described in the partition table found in sector 0 of the hard disk. The device is usually /dev/sda, /dev/sdb or so on. A device name refers to the entire disk, and the device name will be as follows:

• /dev/hd* – IDE disks. /dev/hda will be first IDE hard disk, /dev/hdb will be second IDE hard disk, and so on.
• /dev/sd* – SCSI or SATA disks including SSDs. /dev/sda will be first SATA/SCSI hard disk, /dev/sdb will be second SATA/SCSI hard disk, and so on.
• /dev/nvme* – NVM Express (NVMe) pci SSD. /dev/nvme0n1 will be first NVMe SSD, /dev/nvme1n1 will be second NVMe SSD, and so on.

WARNING! These examples may crash your computer if NOT executed with proper care. BE EXTREMELY CAREFUL WITH THE FOLLOWING COMMANDS. ONE TYPING MISTAKE AND ALL YOUR DATA IS LOST.

lsblk Command to list block device on Linux

To list all block devices, run:
# lsblk
# lsblk /dev/DEVICE
# lsblk /dev/sda
# lsblk -l
# lsblk -d | grep disk

We can also fine-tune information displayed by lsblk as follows to list only Linux partitions and other data:
# lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT

Pass the following -f and -m to see detailed info:
# lsblk -f -m
# lsblk -f -m | grep ext4

Understanding lsblk option that displays block devices and partitions

• -m : Show info about Linux permissions
• -f : List info about Linux filesystems
• -l : Force list format output option
• -d : Avoid printing holders. In other words just see block device/disk names
• -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT : Only display selected columns as per Table 1.

How to locate/print block device attributes using blkid

Apart from physical block storage and logical partitions, your Linux box may have software RAID and encrypted hard disks too. We can determine the type of filesystem that a block device holds and also the attributes:
# blkid

List partitions ynder Linux using the fdisk command

Open a terminal window (select Applications > Accessories > Terminal). Switch to the root user by typing the su - and entering the root password, when prompted by the su command. Or use the sudo command:
$ su -
# fdisk -l
OR
$ sudo fdisk -l

You can specify device name as follows (in this example list partitions for /dev/sda):
# fdisk -l

Display disk partitions using sfdisk command in Linux

The sfdisk command act as a partition table manipulator for Linux. You can use this tool to list partitions too:
# sfdisk -l /dev/sda
# sfdisk -lu /dev/sda
# sfdisk -ls /dev/sda

Linux partitions info:

71669760

Disk /dev/sda: 8922 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track
Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0

   Device Boot Start     End   #cyls    #blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *      0+    104-    105-    838656   83  Linux
/dev/sda2        104+    235-    131-   1048576   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3        235+   8922-   8688-  69781504   83  Linux
/dev/sda4          0       -       0          0    0  Empty

Where,

1. -l : List the partitions of a device.
2. -s : List the size of a partition.
3. -u or -uS or -uB or -uC or -uM : Accept or report in units of sectors (blocks, cylinders, megabytes, respecpively). The default is cylinders, at least when the geometry is known.

How Do I List All Partitions Layout On All Block Devices?

Pass the -l OR –list option to the parted command to lists partition layout on all block devices:
# parted -l

Using hardware detction tools to print disk paritions on Linux

You can install and use the following tools. We can use the hwinfo command to probe for hardware as follows:
hwinfo | more
hwinfo --block | more
hwinfo --block --short
inxi -P
inxi -p | more