Soluții pentru problemele tale IT
Există mai multe moduri de a insera informații de contact într-un document Word. Poate că cel mai simplu este doar adăugarea unui buton Agendă de adrese la Bara de instrumente de acces rapid, astfel încât să puteți adăuga contacte din mers și la atingerea unui buton în orice aplicație Microsoft Office.
[mai mult...]For example, when Mozilla creates Firefox, it compiles a Firefox application file and then signs it with Mozilla’s developer certificate. This is Mozilla’s way of proving that the file is legitimate and created by Mozilla. If the application file is tampered with afterward, your Mac will notice the difference.
These certificates are only valid for a certain interval of time—perhaps a few years—but they can be “revoked” early. For example, if Apple discovers that a developer is using its certificate to sign malicious apps, Apple then revokes the certificate. Macs won’t load apps with that revoked certificate.
But wait—how does your Mac know if Apple has revoked a certificate associated with an app on your Mac? To check, your Mac uses something called the Online Certificate Status Protocol, or OCSP; it’s also used by web browsers to check website certificates as you browse.
When you launch an app, your Mac sends information about its certificate to an Apple server at ocsp.apple.com. Your Mac asks this Apple server whether the certificate has been revoked. If it hasn’t, your Mac launches the app. If the certificate has been revoked, your Mac won’t launch the app.
Your Mac remembers these responses for a period of time. On November 12, 2020, responses were cached for five minutes; in other words, if you launched an app, closed it, and launched it again four minutes later, your Mac wouldn’t have to ask Apple about the certificate a second time. However, if you launched an app, closed it, and launched it six minutes later, your Mac would have to ask Apple’s servers again.
For whatever reason—perhaps due to changes in macOS Big Sur—Apple’s server was swamped and became very slow on November 12, 2020. Responses slowed down considerably, and apps took a long time to load as Macs patiently waited for a response from Apple’s slow server.
After that event, Apple’s OSCP server now tells Macs to remember certificate validity responses for 12 hours. Your Mac will phone home and ask about a certificate every time you launch an app—unless you’ve received a response in the last 12 hours, in which case it won’t need to. (The information about time periods here comes from independent app developer Jeff Johnson.)
The OCSP check is designed to fail with grace. If you’re offline, your Mac will silently skip the check and launch apps normally.
The same is true if your Mac can’t reach the ocsp.apple.com server—perhaps because the server address has been blocked on your network at the router level. If your Mac can’t contact the server, it skips the check and immediately launches the app. The problem on November 12, 2020 was that while Macs could reach Apple’s server, the server itself was slow. But rather than silently failing and getting on with launching an app, Macs waited a long time for a response. If the server had been down completely, no one would have noticed.
There are several privacy concerns people have brought up here. They are spelled out in hacker and security researcher Jeffrey Paul’s blistering take on the situation.
Info: Your Mac isn’t telling Apple which app you’re launching. Instead, your Mac is just telling Apple which developer created the app you’re launching. Of course, many developers just create one app. This technical distinction often doesn’t mean much.
(Remember: With the change to caching behavior, your Mac is no longer asking Apple every time you launch an app. It’s only doing this every 12 hours instead of every 5 minutes.)
As you might expect, this is all about security. The Mac is a more open platform than the iPad and iPhone. You can download apps from anywhere, even outside of Apple’s Mac App Store.
To protect the Mac from malware—and yes, Mac malware has become more common—Apple implemented this security check. If a certificate used to sign an app is revoked, your Mac can immediately spring into action and refuse to open that app. This gives Apple the power to stop Macs from launching known-malicious apps.
These OCSP checks are designed to quickly and silently fail when a Mac is either offline or can’t contact the ocsp.apple.com server. That makes them simple to block: Just prevent your Mac from connecting to ocsp.apple.com. For example, you can often block this address on your router, preventing all devices on your network from connecting to it.
Unfortunately, it seems like Big Sur no longer lets software-level firewalls on the Mac block the Mac’s built-in trustd process from accessing remote servers like this.
Warning: If you block the ocsp.apple.com server, your Mac won’t notice when Apple has revoked an app’s developer certificate. You’re choosing to disable a security feature and this could put your Mac at risk.
Apple appears to have heard the criticism. On November 16, 2020, the company added information about “privacy protections” for Gatekeeper on its website. First, Apple says it has never combined data from these certificate or malware checks with any other data Apple knows about you. The company promises it doesn’t use this information to track which apps individuals are launching on their Macs.
Second, Apple insists that these certificate checks are not associated with your Apple ID or any device-specific information beyond your IP address. Apple says it has stopped logging IP addresses associated with these requests and will be removing them from Apple’s logs.
Over the next year—in other words, by the end of 2021—-Apple says it will make these changes:
Overall, these changes will eliminate various problems—third parties can no longer snoop in the middle. Macs will still send Apple information it can use to track which apps you open, but Apple promises not to associate that information with you. Slowdowns should be eliminated as Apple fixes the performance problem, too.
What will this better protocol be? Well, Apple hasn’t yet said what it will replace OCSP with. As security researcher Scott Helme notes, something like CRLite could help thread the needle here. Imagine if your Mac could download a single file from Apple and regularly update it. The file would contain a compressed list of all certificate revocations. Whenever you launch an app, your Mac could check the file, eliminating the network checks and privacy problems.
By the way, your Mac does sometimes send hashes of the apps you open to Apple’s servers. This is different from the OCSP signature checks. Instead, it has to do with Gatekeeper notarization.
Developers can upload apps to Apple, which checks them for malware and then “notarizes” them if they seem safe. This notarization ticket information can be “stapled” to the app. If a developer doesn’t staple the ticket information to the app file, your Mac will check with Apple’s servers the first time you launch that app. This only happens the first time you launch a given version of an app—not every time it opens. And the online check can be eliminated by the developer through stapling.
Macs aren’t unique here. For example, Windows 10 PCs often upload data about apps you download to Microsoft’s SmartScreen service to check for malware. Antivirus programs and other security applications may upload information about suspicious-looking apps to the security company, too.
[mai mult...]If you use Safari on Mac and would like to quickly clear your browser history without digging through menus, you can take care of it with a keyboard shortcut and a click by creating a custom shortcut in System Preferences. Here’s how.
First, we’ll need to visit “System Preferences” to create the custom keyboard shortcut. On your Mac, click the “Apple” icon in the upper-left corner and select “System Preferences.”
In “System Preferences,” select “Keyboard.” In “Keyboard” preferences, click the “Shortcuts” tab.
In the sidebar menu, click “App Shortcuts.”
Click the plus sign (+) located near the bottom of the window to add a new shortcut.
A pop-up window will appear. First, click the drop-down menu labeled “Application” and select “Safari.app.”
In the “Menu Title” text box, enter “Clear History...” exactly. It must include the three dots at the end, as it must match the existing menu command in Safari under the “History” menu. Next, select the “Keyboard Shortcut” box and type the shortcut you want to use to clear Safari’s browser history. We chose Shift+Command+H, but you can enter any unused keyboard combination.
Then click the “Add” button, and the shortcut will be added to the list. You’re now clear to close System Preferences (unless you want to tweak the keyboard shortcut key combination after testing it out.)
Open “Safari” and press the keyboard shortcut you just defined. A small pop-over window will appear with a drop-down menu and two buttons. In the “Clear” menu, you can choose how much of your history is cleared. When you’re ready, click the “Clear History” button.
Your Safari browsing history will be cleared to whatever level you selected. Safari will remember the setting you chose in the “Clear” menu, so next time you call up the window with your custom shortcut, you can just click the “Clear History” button.
If you find yourself frequently clearing your browser history, consider trying Safari’s Private Browsing mode, which is a special mode that doesn’t keep track of your browsing history. You can even configure Safari to start with a Private window every time you open the app.
[mai mult...]Desi exista foarte multe aplicatii de acest gen in Magazin Play, majoritatea vin la pachet cu reclame sau alte functii inutile. In cazul in care nu stiati deja, Samsung ofera posibilitate din setari de a activa un Folder Securizat unde puteti pune orice aplicatie sau fisier doriti.
Pentru activare si configurare trebuie sa urmati pasii de mai jos:
De aici alegeti ,,Folder securizat’’ (veti avea nevoie de o parola)
Dupa setarea parolei trebuie obligatoriu sa activati butonul cu ,,activare folder securizat’’, astfel incat acesta sa apara in meniul telefonului.
Dupa activare veti gasi ,,Folder securizat’’ in aplicatii si il puteti accesa introducand parola setata anterior.
Se va deschide Folder securizat si acum puteti adauga ce aplicatie sau fisier doriti.
Gata, acum aplicatiile sau fisierele dumneavoastra sunt securizate.
The best way to stay on top of emails is to address them as they come in. On Android, Gmail notifications give you two options: “Archive” and “Reply.” We’ll show you how to add a “Mark as Read” option, too.
[mai mult...]Noul browser de la Microsoft, Edge Chromium este disponibil si pe Linux. Desi nu a ajuns la o disponibilitate generala, se poate instala varianta Edge de pe „Dev Channel”, oferind utilizatorilor de Linux o noua optiune de navigare pe internet. Microsoft ofera in prezent browser-ul Edge pentru urmatoarele distributii de Linux: Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora si OpenSUSE. Site-ul Microsoft Edge Insider contine linkuri de descarcare actualizate pentru pachetele .deb si .rpm predefinite.
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